Proposed New Project at the Large Hadron Collider: The Future Circular Collider

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (Cern) in Switzerland, has been a groundbreaking discovery in the field of particle physics since its inception in 2008. With a circumference of 27km and a depth of 80m, the LHC has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the universe by accelerating and colliding subatomic particles at near-light speeds. However, despite its revolutionary achievements, such as the detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012, the LHC has yet to uncover the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, which make up 95% of the cosmos. In response to this, researchers at Cern have proposed a new project, the Future Circular Collider (FCC), which aims to address these elusive particles and revolutionize our understanding of the universe once more.

The FCC is a proposed supercollider that, if approved, will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m. The increased size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be built in two stages. The first phase, which is expected to begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together, producing large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The discovery of the Higgs Boson particle at the LHC was a significant milestone in physics, as it was the final piece of the jigsaw of the current theory of sub-atomic physics, known as the Standard Model. However, the LHC’s inability to find dark matter and dark energy, which make up the majority of the universe, has left scientists searching for answers. The FCC is seen as a necessary step in addressing these unknowns and leading to a more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some eyebrows, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The discovery of the Higgs Boson particle at the LHC was a significant milestone in physics, as it was the final piece of the jigsaw of the current theory of sub-atomic physics, known as the Standard Model. However, the LHC’s inability to find dark matter and dark energy has left scientists searching for answers. The FCC is seen as a necessary step in addressing these unknowns and leading to a more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark matter and dark energy particles. These particles are believed to make up 95% of the cosmos, and their discovery would lead to a new, more complete theory of how the universe works.

The FCC is expected to be built in two stages. The first phase, which will begin operating in the mid-2040s, will collide electrons together and produce large numbers of Higgs particles for scientists to study in detail. The second phase, which will begin in the 2070s, will require more powerful magnets and will use heavier protons in the search for new particles.

The FCC’s proposed price tag of £17bn has raised some concerns, with critics questioning its economic sense. Some experts have suggested that there are cheaper options for advancing our understanding of particle physics. However, Cern’s director general, Prof Fabiola Gianotti, argues that the FCC is a crucial tool for answering fundamental questions about the universe and making enormous strides forward in physics.

The FCC’s proposed size and depth are necessary to contain the stronger radiation created by the higher energies and prevent it from reaching the surface. The FCC will be nearly three times the size of the LHC, with a circumference of 91km and a depth of 200m.

The LHC’s detection of the Higgs Boson particle in 2012 was a groundbreaking achievement, but it has not yet been able to find the elusive dark